Cyberspace as a Global Common : Formulation and Applicability of International Law

In the modern digital age, cyberspace has become an integral part of daily life. However, as cyberspace transcends physical borders, it poses unique challenges to traditional legal frameworks. Understanding cyberspace as a ‘global common’ and the applicability of international law within this realm is crucial for ensuring security, stability, and cooperation in the digital domain. To address these critical issues,
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Beyond Autopilot: Unmanned Systems and their Dual Use Potential

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Unmanned systems, driven by rapid technological advancements, have become pivotal not only in the military domain but in civilian arenas also because of their dual nature. So far, most of the available literature looks at the military utility of unmanned systems only. However, this article sheds light on the usefulness of
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How Vulnerable is the Aviation Industry to Cybersecurity Risks?

The aviation industry has embraced widespread digitalisation over the past decade to improve passenger experience and operational efficiency. However, according to the UN’s International Civil Aviation Organisation (ICAO), this advancement has exposed the industry to increasing cyber-attacks. Notably, a major cyber-attack against a global IT supplier in February 2021 underscored
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Daniel McDowell, Bucking the Buck

Daniel McDowell’s book Bucking the Buck: US Financial Sanctions and the International Backlash against the Dollar is a notable addition to the literature on the de-dollarisation trend and its underlying motives. In it, McDowell critically analyses the influence of the overuse of economic sanctions by the United States (US)
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Why is this a Ripe Time to Promote Solarisation?

A shift towards solar power use has been taking place across Pakistan recently, as declining prices of solar panels, coupled with frequent hikes in electricity tariffs, have galvanised end-consumers to embrace solar solutions. However, this rapid pace of solarisation has sparked concerns within some policy-making circles. Speculations regarding policy changes affecting solar photovoltaic (PV) participants
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Share Wisely: Protecting Data in the Digital Age

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From the moment an individual  wakes up in the morning to the time s/he sets the alarm for the following day - and even while sleeping, one’s life is now being captured in a continuous loop of digital surveillance via tech gadgets. Individual actions, interactions, preferences, and nearly every aspect of the  digital life  is being monitored and converted into data points. This surveillance extends to personal data from sources such as search history, social media platforms, web page views
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Future-Proofing Pakistan’s Foreign Policy in an Evolving Geopolitical Context

Situated in the heart of South Asia and central to significant economic corridors, Pakistan’s ambition to enhance regional connectivity and integration is contingent upon a foreign policy that adeptly navigates ever-evolving geopolitical dynamics. These include the Sino-US rivalry, instability in Afghanistan, India’s aggressive posture,
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The Banker’s Economy

Many societies today face the economic problem of an “outsized” banking system, too powerful in its influence and too distortionary in its impact for the rest of the economy to function properly. In the United States, this problem is often framed as “Main Street vs. Wall Street,” and I have discussed the repercussions of the matter during
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