The United States Dollar (USD) has long enjoyed the ‘exorbitant privilege’ of being at the centre of the international financial and trade system, serving as the dominant currency for holding financial assets and facilitating cross-border payments. The dollar-based international payment system has three major components:
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Composed of 86 billion neurons, the human brain is nothing short of an absolute marvel. This composite cobweb is slowly but surely becoming a technological hotspot, with massive funds poured to detect and record its activity and synergise it with smart devices, a phenomenon called Brain-Chip Interface (BCI).
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Predicting Pakistan’s future is a complex task given its challenging socio-political landscape, economy, law and order, and rapidly evolving regional and global geopolitics. Uncertainties surrounding these factors make it
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Over the years, the aviation industry has witnessed a remarkable expansion in its operations and scope of activities. Advancement is marked with increasing innovation, technological breakthroughs and incorporation of state-of-the-art technologies.
The question of fiscal sustainability has long haunted the Federal Budget of Pakistan. As deficits have widened over consecutive years, reform efforts have been piecemeal and trivial at best, and counterproductive at worst. What Pakistan’s budgetary architecture requires, however, is a systematic overhaul. By contrast,
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Fifth August 2024 marks half a decade since India annexed the Indian Illegally Occupied Jammu and Kashmir (IIOJK) and denied the disputed territory’s right to statehood through a rushed presidential decree. Months after winning the second term in the Lok Sabha polls 2019, the Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP) government revoked
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In the aftermath of the Cold War, a wave of democratisation, coined by American political scientist Samuel Huntington as the ‘Third Wave’ swept across the world. The wave refers to the transition of several non-democratic setups to democratic ones, promising a future where democratic ideals would grow.
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Complete integration of Indian Illegally Occupied Jammu and Kashmir (IIOJK) with the Indian Union has always been one of the top priorities in the Hindutva agenda of the Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP) and Rashtriya Swayamsevak Sangh (RSS). Following the landslide victory of the BJP in the 2019 Indian
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In the modern digital age, cyberspace has become an integral part of daily life. However, as cyberspace transcends physical borders, it poses unique challenges to traditional legal frameworks. Understanding cyberspace as a ‘global common’ and the applicability of international law within this realm is crucial for ensuring security, stability, and cooperation in the digital domain. To address these critical issues,
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The ebbs and flows of business cycles provide ample evidence that a stock market, by itself, is not representative of an economy as a whole. Even in recent memory, one may think of how governments around the world poured in unprecedented amounts of stimulus during COVID-19, much of which poured
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