To date, much of Pakistan’s fiscal consolidation efforts have focused on the revenue side of the budgetary deficit, while expenditure
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The present study identifies major internal challenges in the way of effective water resource management in Pakistan at micro
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The fall of Kabul in August 2021 marked a pivotal moment in Afghanistan’s history, signifying the withdrawal of foreign troops and the Taliban’s
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Novel technologies, with more efficiency, precision, autonomy, speed, data-driven insights, and adaptability, are leading to renewed
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The aim of this essay is to shed light on the economic and political implications of a second administration under Donald Trump, by exploring seven key paradoxes
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Swift progress in technology has accelerated digitalisation globally, with Pakistan following suit. However, with these advancements come escalating cyber risks. This Working Paper critically examines Pakistan’s cyber security landscape, focusing on prevalent threat vectors such as phishing, hacking
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The question of fiscal sustainability has long haunted the Federal Budget of Pakistan. As deficits have widened over consecutive years, reform efforts have been piecemeal and trivial at best, and counterproductive at worst. What Pakistan’s budgetary architecture requires, however, is a systematic overhaul. By contrast,
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In the aftermath of the Cold War, a wave of democratisation, coined by American political scientist Samuel Huntington as the ‘Third Wave’ swept across the world. The wave refers to the transition of several non-democratic setups to democratic ones, promising a future where democratic ideals would grow.
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Situated in the heart of South Asia and central to significant economic corridors, Pakistan’s ambition to enhance regional connectivity and integration is contingent upon a foreign policy that adeptly navigates ever-evolving geopolitical dynamics. These include the Sino-US rivalry, instability in Afghanistan, India’s aggressive posture,
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Cyberspace is commonly defined as ‘the online world of computer networks, particularly the Internet.’ Its utilisation spans both personal and professional domains, encompassing activities from entertainment and communication to business and the arts, thereby accommodating the full spectrum of contemporary human endeavours
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