East or West? Who Will Rule the 5th Industrial Revolution?  

The world economy saw a ‘great divergence’ as a result of the first two Industrial Revolutions (IR-1 and IR-2) between 1750 and 1950 AD. The economic shift occurred from East to West as a result of industrial development by Western European nations led by Great Britain. The key to their success was the use of then-new technologies like steam power, mechanisation, automobiles, railways, telegraphs or electricity at every level of industrialisation
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Indigenisation of Drones: A Security Imperative for Pakistan

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For any state, it is of paramount importance how it guarantees national security. This can be ensured through the use or threat of use of force and also mobilising its defence sector in times of conflict and war. In other words, it revolves around the defence capabilities that allow a state to carry out fundamental functions including ‘preventing, deterring, coercing and countering national security threats’.
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Fighter – Another Addition to the Indian Propaganda Machine

Anti-Pakistan propaganda remains a recurrent theme in numerous Bollywood movies. In fact, through the cinematic lens, movies such as Border, LoC Kargil, Raazi, and Uri, etc., have kept an anti-Pakistan perspective as a central theme to the plot. Such movies with nationalist themes, culminating with a unilateral Indian victory over Pakistan, resonate finely with the Indian audience with corresponding commercial benefits for the producers.
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Dynamics of Sabre-rattling in Indian Electoral Politics and Future Trends

The history of Pakistan and India is marred with enduring rivalry. In the last seven decades, the two neighbours have been embroiled in full-fledged wars and limited conflicts. With a Hindutva-inspired regime in power for nearly a decade, an aggressive anti-Pakistan narrative has been a key facet of its policy framework.
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Potential of Pakistan’s IT Industry: A SWOT Analysis

In recent years, Pakistan’s IT industry has shown significant potential for growth while confronting various challenges. This Working Paper presentsa comprehensive SWOT analysis to assess the industry’s Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities, and Threats in detail. It identifies a young demographic base; large freelancing sector; and financial attractiveness for offshore outsourcing of IT services as the major strengths of Pakistan’s IT industry.
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Israel-Iran Standoff and Global Oil Prices

The war on Gaza since early October last year has had a limited impact on global oil prices, unlike the spike in oil prices that followed the war in Ukraine, as neither Israel nor the besieged Gaza Strip are significant oil producers.  For context, global Brent crude oil prices increased briefly after the initial violence in early October
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Adapting Air Defence: Reemergence of Anti-Aircraft Artillery in Modern Warfare

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Rapid advancement in science and technology has not only reshaped modern warfare but also transformed the contemporary battlefield. New technologies being more precise, and lethal have made many existing weapon systems redundant requiring replacement.
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Kalyani Devaki Menon, Making Place for Muslims in Contemporary India

Kalyani Devaki Menon’s ‘Making Place for Muslims in Contemporary India’ is an insightful gateway into the challenges faced by Indian Muslims to survive in a country treading on the path of exclusionary and majoritarian politics. Working currently, as a Professor of religious study at DePaul University, Chicago, Menon, has previously also written a book titled ‘Everyday Nationalism’ on the religious politics of Hindu rights.
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Paving the Way for Educational Excellence in Pakistan: Policy, Curriculum, Access

The Centre for Aerospace & Security Studies (CASS), Islamabad has a tradition of initiating timely, well-informed and policy-relevant debates on subjects of national and international importance through publications, conferences, seminars, webinars and guest lectures by leading diplomats, policy experts, senior civil and military officers, scholars and media.  These policy debates are closely followed not only by policymakers/experts, relevant institutions, academia and media but also by the international community.
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Changing Lives, Shaping Futures: A Commitment to the Cause and Serving Humanity

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The illustrious history of the Pakistan Air Force (PAF) is a testament to the sacrifices and contributions of its valiant warriors in both times of war and peace. The courage, vision, farsightedness, and legendary leadership abilities of these outstanding individuals have been pivotal in shaping the operational preparedness and overall progress of this esteemed institution. The PAF remains deeply indebted to these men of honour.
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