For decades, Iran and Israel had been engaged in a shadow conflict. Israel pursued a strategy of “active disruption,” targeting alleged Iranian assets in Syria
The year 2025 has redrawn the geopolitical map in many ways. The year witnessed a series of conflicts — including the recent India–Pakistan war, the Israel–Iran confrontation, and renewed instability along the Pakistan–Afghanistan border.
1. Outer space has transformed into a critical arena of astropolitics, where major powers are leveraging space technologies to shape global influence, gain strategic advantages, and contest dominance beyond Earth.
1. Air and aerospace power today extends far beyond aircraft and missiles. The decisive advantage lies in ‘doctrine, employment strategy, training and clarity of leadership’, reinforced by new domains of ‘space, cyber, electronic warfare (EW), and artificial intelligence’ (AI).
1. Financial inclusion, which entails the use and access of affordable financial services by the masses, is a necessary component of economic security and national stability.
Pakistan and India, since their independence in 1947, have remained entangled in a complex relationship defined by historical grievances, unresolved disputes, and missed opportunities for peace.
1. The field of Terrorism Studies has been shaped by narrow definitions, Eurocentric frameworks, and state-led narratives. This has led to a deliberate exclusion of
In today’s warfare Aerospace power has a pivotal role in exhibiting the national strength. The rapid pace of technological development
The Pakistan Air Force (PAF) has always stood as a symbol of courage, professionalism, and sacrifice, safeguarding our skies with unmatched dedication. From its earliest
1. In the contemporary battlespace, information has become a powerful a tool. The weaponisation of narratives, control over public perception, and the psychological conditioning of
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