After two years of extremely challenging international economic conditions, there are signs of reprieve for the Pakistani economy that emanate from a broader cooling and monetary easing in the world economy. Both the
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To understand the space economy, it is crucial to first define its scope. What exactly constitutes the space economy? Where is it located, and how large is it? These questions highlight the pervasive nature of the modern space economy as we move further into the 21st century. The space economy for the
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The outgoing Fiscal Year (FY) 2023-24 was a transitional period for Pakistan’s economy. According to the Finance Division’s monthly ‘Economic Update and Outlook July 2024’, progress was observed across multiple domains, setting the basis
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The United States Dollar (USD) has long enjoyed the ‘exorbitant privilege’ of being at the centre of the international financial and trade system, serving as the dominant currency for holding financial assets and facilitating cross-border payments. The dollar-based international payment system has three major components:
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The question of fiscal sustainability has long haunted the Federal Budget of Pakistan. As deficits have widened over consecutive years, reform efforts have been piecemeal and trivial at best, and counterproductive at worst. What Pakistan’s budgetary architecture requires, however, is a systematic overhaul. By contrast,
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The ebbs and flows of business cycles provide ample evidence that a stock market, by itself, is not representative of an economy as a whole. Even in recent memory, one may think of how governments around the world poured in unprecedented amounts of stimulus during COVID-19, much of which poured
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