In an annual bid to review U.S.-China relations, the U.S.-China Economic and Security Review Commission’s (USCC) report for the year 2024-25 has overplayed the role of China
On 27-28 November 2025, India hosted its flagship high-level strategic forum known as Chanakya Defence Dialogue (CDD). Since it was convened in the strategic backdrop of Operation
The announcement on 23 October that Airbus, Thales and Leonardo will merge their satellite operations was a historic development for the European space industry. The plan aims to establish a new combined entity by 2027. Historically, the European space industry has been a competent but fragmented market in the form of national champions and competing initiatives. However,
The year 2025 has dramatically reshaped global and regional geopolitics through a series of crises: the India–Pakistan war, the Israel–Iran confrontation, and renewed instability on the Pakistan–Afghanistan border.
As 2025 draws to a close in few days, it is time to reflect back on the chain of events that have shaped the year. Apart from the typical highs and lows – the year saw some unprecedented events that will have a lasting imprint.
In contemporary air warfare, there is a silent battle that begins long before the first missile is fired: the battle of the mind. The Indo-Pakistan conflict of 2025 reaffirmed this truth. In that short but decisive engagement, Pakistan Air Force (PAF) demonstrated that in modern warfare, victory is no longer about airframes destroyed but in the mastery of cognition, which is the ability to think faster, act smarter and control perception under stress. To make victory second nature, institutionalisation of cognitive gains through AI, cross-domain integration and leadership development is paramount for modern air forces.
Certain estimates suggest that there are currently 2.1 million Pakistani youths who are unemployed. The youth unemployment rate of the age group (15-24 years old) has reached 11.1 per cent, which is much higher than the worldwide average.
Ever since ChatGPT rolled out in late 2022, the global conversation about Artificial Intelligence (AI) became fixated on the threats posed by deepfakes, synthetic propaganda and AI systems that could create entire universes with a single prompt
Modern warfare is characterised by the race to compress the Observe-Orient-Decide-Act (OODA) loop. Militaries that can process information faster will undoubtedly have an edge in future conflicts. In this context, machine learning (ML), a prominent subset of
Humanity’s expedition towards stars is inevitable. According to the organic state theory, states have a tendency to expand and occupy the available space, much like organic beings
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