Cyberspace is commonly defined as ‘the online world of computer networks, particularly the Internet.’ Its utilisation spans both personal and professional domains, encompassing activities from entertainment and communication to business and the arts, thereby accommodating the full spectrum of contemporary human endeavours. The users of cyberspace include nation-states, corporations, educational institutions, and individuals, among others. The ubiquitous nature of this emergent global common presents unique challenges and a multitude of associated issues. This Working Paper aims to identify the commonalities and differences between cyberspace and other global commons. It will explore the issues related to both direct and indirect threats to national and international security posed by or through cyberspace. Towards the end, the paper will examine the governance of cyberspace and present salient conclusions to mitigate the threats emerging from this domain.
Global Semiconductors Showdown and What It Means for Pakistan’s Security
In the escalating theatre of great power competition, semiconductors have emerged as indispensable actors. These tiny components, often smaller than a fingernail, are the backbone of a wide array of applications, from communications and aerospace to automobiles and advanced weapon systems.
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Shifting Platforms: Towards Digitalisation of News
Like the other facets of life, the news media industry has not remained stagnant to rapid digitalisation and internet penetration. The mainstream news media has traditionally been seen as the watchdog in any democratic set-up. However, the advent of the internet revolutionised the media industry landscape.
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Budget 2024-25: Generous Allocation for IT but Limited Prospects for Bridging the Digital Divide
On 12th June, Pakistan’s coalition government unveiled the proposed budget for the fiscal year starting 1st July with a total outlay of PKR 18.9 trillion, representing an almost 25% jump from the outgoing year’s revised expenditure estimates. As always, the upcoming fiscal year’s budget had different meanings for different stakeholders
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