Why Afghan Trade Can’t Bypass Pakistan

A year ago, the Sarhad Chamber of Commerce Industry (SCCI) and Pakistan-Afghanistan Joint Chamber of Commerce Industry (PAJCCI) reached a Memorandum of Understanding to boost trade between Pakistan and Afghanistan, only to end in doldrums in 2025. Due to the recent geopolitical tensions between the two states, the Taliban’s minister of commerce declared a trade boycott against Pakistan. While the move is compelled by the geopolitical rift, it is a miscalculated decision given the region's geographical reality

Continue ReadingWhy Afghan Trade Can’t Bypass Pakistan

Merger of European Space Industry: Lessons for Emerging Space Nations

The announcement on 23 October that Airbus, Thales and Leonardo will merge their satellite operations was a historic development for the European space industry. The plan aims to establish a new combined entity by 2027. Historically, the European space industry has been a competent but fragmented market in the form of national champions and competing initiatives. However,

Continue ReadingMerger of European Space Industry: Lessons for Emerging Space Nations