The Middle East has traditionally remained a hotbed of regional conflicts and interstate rivalries which have almost always seen involvement of extra-regional forces. While the past decade has seen intensification of these conflicts and increased anxieties owing to perceived Iranian nuclear ambitions, there have also been major moments of
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In this era of information warfare, rapid communication tools, such as Facebook, Skype, Text, Instagram, Linkedin, Twitter, and WhatsApp, are frequently exploited by adversaries for communication and data sharing. Oxford Internet Institute reported that these platforms empower various entities to manipulate public opinion,
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